What is the primary complication associated with autotransfusion?

The primary complication associated with autotransfusion is air embolism. This complication can occur during the collection and reinfusion processes when air becomes entrained in the tubing or collection system. If air enters the vascular system, it can lead to serious consequences including obstruction of blood flow, which may cause ischemia or even death in severe cases.

The risk of air embolism is especially pertinent in settings where manual collection of blood is performed, as improper technique can introduce air into the circuit. Ensuring that all air is removed from tubing and adhering to proper procedures during autotransfusion can help mitigate this risk.

While other complications such as infection, allergic reactions, and hemolysis may also be concerns with autotransfusion, they are generally less common. For instance, infection is more related to the handling and storage of blood rather than the autotransfusion process itself. Allergic reactions are typically linked to the use of blood products that may induce a response, but autotransfusion generally uses the patient's own blood, thereby reducing that risk. Hemolysis can occur, but it is more associated with mismatched blood transfusions or certain mechanical factors rather than the inherent process of autotransfusion. Therefore, air embolism stands out as the principal complication directly