Neutrophils are activated during CPB by shear stress, contact with the circuit, and what other factor?

Neutrophils are an essential component of the immune response, and their activation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can significantly impact patient outcomes. During CPB, neutrophils experience various stimuli, one of which is the activation of the complement system.

The complement system consists of a series of proteins that play a critical role in immune surveillance and inflammation. Activation of the complement system can lead to the production of complement fragments that serve as potent activators of neutrophils. These fragments can bind to specific receptors on neutrophils, promoting their migration, degranulation, and enhanced phagocytic activity. The interaction between complement activation and neutrophils is significant during CPB because it contributes to the inflammatory response that is commonly observed in this setting.

Understanding the role of complement in neutrophil activation helps in comprehending the broader implications of CPB on patient physiology, particularly concerning inflammation and potential organ dysfunction. Addressing this activation is important in mitigating the adverse effects of CPB and improving patient outcomes.