What is it called when the heart fails to pump blood into the aorta under sufficient pressure?

The correct term for the condition where the heart fails to pump blood effectively into the aorta under adequate pressure is heart failure. This term encompasses a broad range of situations in which the heart is unable to maintain sufficient cardiac output to meet the body's needs, often manifesting with symptoms like shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention.

Shock refers to a state of inadequate blood flow to the body’s tissues, which can happen due to several underlying issues, including heart failure, but is not specifically the term for the heart's inability to pump against pressure. A heart attack, or myocardial infarction, specifically indicates a blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle itself due to a clot, which may lead to heart failure if significant damage occurs but is not synonymous with the pumping issue. Ischemic disease describes a condition where blood supply is insufficient, particularly to the heart, but does not directly address the heart's pumping capacity.

In summary, heart failure effectively describes the heart's inability to pump blood into the aorta at the required pressure, distinguishing it as the most accurate term among the provided options.